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Allergy Injection Treatment Procedures and Precautions

Allergy Injection Treatment Procedures and Precautions

Method of Administration

Allergy injections are given subcutaneously, half-way between the elbow and the shoulder along the outer aspect of the back of the upper arm, or the outside of the mid-thigh. They should not be given too shallowly in the skin, nor should they ever be given without first aspirating (drawing back on the syringe plunger after the needle is in the tissue). If blood is seen when aspirating, the needle should be withdrawn before injecting and another area should be used for the injection. If there are 2 vials (such as “LEFT” and “RIGHT”), there should be 2 injections each time shots are given unless the doctor instructs otherwise. Some injections will be given from individual numbered unit dose vials while other will be dispensed from a larger multi-dose vial according to instructions specific for an individual patient.

A disposable 1 cc allergy treatment syringe with the ½ or 5/8 inch, 25, 26 or 27 gauge, regular bevel needle should be used to give the injections.

Important Precautions

  • The injections should never be administered unless injectable epinephrine 1:1000 is immediately available and there is a reliable person other than the patient to inject it.
  • OAAC requires that allergy injections be administered by a medically competent person in a medical facility equipped to treat (possible severe) allergic reactions. This advice encompasses all patients – even doctors, nurses, and other health professionals who are allergy patients.
  • Administration of allergy shots outside of an OAAC shot treatment room (for example your physician’s office) must be cleared by your OAAC physician (not just from your primary care physician or other health care provider); please do not proceed without it.

Injection Reactions

Allergy injection treatment is intended to decrease a patient’s sensitivities so that in time he/she will feel better. Injections should not cause allergy symptoms. Whenever problems occur, please discuss it with your OAAC doctor or staff.

A local reaction to an allergy injection consists of redness, soreness, itching, and/or swelling at the injection site. Most allergic individuals can be expected to have some local reaction at times. Some will have moderate local reactions regularly, at least until they have been on treatment for many months.

Should there be an excessive (greater than a quarter or 25 cent piece in diameter and lasting more than 24 hours) local reaction after an injection, an antihistamine (like Benadryl, Claritin, Allegra, Zyrtec or Xyzal), cold compress, and topical steroid cream may be used for symptom relief. Your OAAC physician and staff must be notified of the dose number and of the name of the specific vial before more injections are given. A dosage reduction may be indicated.

Systemic (generalized) anaphylaxis reactions to allergy injections are rare (0.015 to 0.02% of injections administered at OAAC Clinics). However, if they occur, prompt treatment with Epinephrine and not just an antihistamine like Benadryl is vitally important. It could save your life. In the event of a systemic (generalized) reaction after an allergy injection, there may or may not be marked swelling at the injection site, plus a vague feeling of apprehension and itching of the palms followed by generalized hives, flushing, sneezing, nasal congestion, increased mucus production or throat clearing, difficulty breathing, coughing, or wheezing.

PATIENTS MUST WAIT 20-30 MINUTES AFTER AN INJECTION SO THAT THEY MAY BE OBSERVED FOR SIGNS OF A GENERALIZED REACTION.

This type of reaction requires treatment with Epinephrine and not just an antihistamine like Benadryl. Prompt medical attention is always needed. If the shot was given at a location other than an OAAC treatment room your clinic physician must be notified before further allergy injections are given because dosage reduction is mandatory. Your OAAC physician is always notified by staff of systemic reactions which occur at an OAAC treatment room.

Beta blocker drugs may make systemic reactions more difficult to treat and you must notify your OAAC physician if you are taking one.

Recent News

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AAFA’s 2024 Allergy Capitals™ report names most challenging cities for living with allergies, OKC – Fifth; Tulsa – Sixth in the top Ten

Washington D.C., March 14, 2024 — The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) released its 2024 Allergy Capitals™ report detailing the most challenging cities in the United States for living with allergies. The full report can be found at allergycapitals.com.

This year, Wichita, Kansas takes the top spot due to its higher-than-average tree and grass pollen, higher-than-average medicine use, and limited access to allergy specialists. The top 10 Allergy Capitals™ for 2024 are: 1. Wichita, KS; 2. Virginia Beach, VA; 3. Greenville, SC; 4. Dallas, TX; 5. Oklahoma City, OK; 6. Tulsa, OK; 7. Richmond, VA 8. Des Moines, IA; 9. Raleigh, NC, and 10. Fayetteville, AR.

This year’s report again calls attention to the urgency of the climate crisis. Due to climate change, growing seasons start earlier and last longer than they did just 30 years ago. Some parts of the United States now experience pollen (tree, grass, or weed) year-round. Warmer temperatures also trap heat in urban areas, increase air pollution, and stimulate pollen production.

“Climate change fuels a perfect storm of conditions that make allergy season worse for people with pollen allergy,” said AAFA President and CEO Kenneth Mendez. “Longer growing seasons mean more exposure to pollen allergy triggers. Additionally, pollen counts tend to rise with warmer temperatures. Now, we see both more days of exposure to pollen and higher daily pollen counts leading to more intense, longer-lasting symptoms.”

AAFA’s 2024 Allergy Capitals™ report provides insight into factors impacting seasonal allergies. The report ranks the 100 most populous cities in the contiguous United States by their:

  • Tree, grass, and weed pollen scores
  • Over-the-counter allergy medicine use
  • Availability of board-certified allergists/immunologists 

Experts say a range of treatment options are available for people dealing with seasonal allergies this spring.

“Over-the-counter medicines can help manage symptoms,” said allergist Dr. Neeta Ogden, spokesperson for AAFA. “Working with a specialist can help you develop the best treatment plan.”

While the symptoms of pollen allergy can be managed, they are a significant health concern. Seasonal allergies can even lead to hospitalization if they trigger an asthma episode.

“Our pollen season continues to begin earlier each year,” said Dr. Claire Atkinson, a board-certified allergist with the Oklahoma Allergy & Asthma Clinic (OAAC). “We’ve already had several allergy alert days this year and we’ve not even made it to the official start of Spring. We want to encourage people who are suffering to see their medical provider and consider making an appointment with an allergist.”

A board-certified allergist can diagnose allergies, and determine the specific triggers that cause them, through simple tests. The allergists at OAAC evaluate and manage patients of all ages. The main clinic is on the Oklahoma Health Center campus. For patient convenience, satellite offices are in Edmond, Norman and Yukon.

Visit the OAAC website at www.oklahomaallergy.com to view the addresses for all Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic locations. To make an initial appointment or to request more information, please call (405) 235-0040 or visit the website.

For information on preventing and treating allergies and asthma, visit aafa.org.

The post AAFA’s 2024 Allergy Capitals™ report names most challenging cities for living with allergies, OKC – Fifth; Tulsa – Sixth in the top Ten appeared first on Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic.

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